People in power use art to keep power
Low literacy among people to use art as a tool
Heaven and hell
Revolt against aristocratic and political power
Escape from modern life and the age of enlightement
Realism 1850s-1900s
A representation of subjects as they appear in real life
Impressionism 1860s-1920s
Short, thick strokes of paint quickly capture the essence of the subject, rather than its details. The paint is often applied impasto.
Grays and dark tones are produced by mixing complementary colours. Pure impressionism avoids the use of black paint.
Painters often worked in the evening to produce effets de soir—the shadowy effects of evening or twilight.
The play of natural light is emphasized. Close attention is paid to the reflection of colours from object to object.
Modernism 1860s-present
Celebration of science technology and industry
A philosophical movement which arose from the transformations and developments of western society
Socially progressive
Art nouveau 1890-1910
New art focused on the decorative arts dedicated to the natural forms
Highly commercial and widespread
Bauhaus 1919-1933
A school in Germany which aimed to combine crafts and fine arts
Post-Modernism 1960s-present
From the 1950s called contemporary arts
Movement in arts and architecture
Criticism that rejected the modernist avant-garde
Passion for the new
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